Rotary motor, pump, and the like



y 1947. F. A. TALBQT 2,423,271

ROTARY moToR, PUMP, AND THE LIKE Filad Sept. 11., 1.942 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 flan/5" 75/607: I

a Shah-Sheet 2 F. A. TALBOT ROTARY IOTOR, PUIP, AND THB LIKB Filed Sept. 11. 1942 -w i L| NM. m6 H T. g i I I I ll W :0 .J/ H mm. m 1 l g WW ww MW I;

3y 1, 1947., F. A. TALBOT ROTARY MOTOR, PUMP, AND THE LIKE Filed Sept. 11. 1942 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 cted July 1, 1947 smrss PATENT oFFlcs ROTARY MOTOR, PUMP, AND THE LIKE Frank A'. Talbot, Baltimore, Md.

Application September 11, 1942, Serial No. 458,019

One of the objects or the invention is to provide a structure of this character which may reverse the flow of the fluid while the rotor is travelling in a single direction,

A iurther object is to furnish a motor having a rotor that may be reversed while the motivating fluid flows in a, single direction.-

Another object is to provide a structure of this type, whereby the speed, if the device is used as a motor, may be controlled to vary the speed between idling and maximum, and this may be accomplished while the motor is travelling for ward or in reverse.

d. further object is to supply a pump having variable delivery means which may be varied from no flow to maximum, and which may re- Claims. (Cl. 103-136) verse the flow without change of rotation of the rotor.

A still further object is to provide such a structure in which the vanes are pushed outwardly by a pressure fluid within the rotor, and in which the interior oi the rotor communicates with the fluid conducting passageways by such means that the vanes will be pushed outwardly regardless of whether the pressure fluid is in one fluid conducting passageway or the other.

Another object is to provide a rotary motor, pump or the like which may be manufactured at a minimum cost because the parts are so shaped that they may be readily manufactured with comparatively few machining operations.

A further object is to produce a simple and durable structure and one which will be exceed ingly effective for the purposes for which it is designed.

With the foregoing objects outlined and with other objects in view which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention consists in the novel features hereinafter described in detail, 11- lustrated in the accompanying drawings, and more particularly pointed out in the appende claims.

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 2, with the rotor and shii'table ring also removed.

Fig. 5 is a front elevation, partly in section, at a modification, and illustrating one means for balancing the shiitable ring in the casing.

Fig. 6 is a view like Fig. 5, but illustrating another embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 7 is a side elevation of a detail of a pair of the vanes and a positioning ring which normally holds them in an extended position.

Fig. 8 is an elevation of a modification taken at right angles to the view in Fig. '7 and showing a air of positioning rings used with the vanes.

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a pair of the vanes of the type shown in Fig. 8.

Referring to the drawings, i0 designates a housing, preferably circular, having a chamber I i in one face thereof, closed by a cover plate I 2 secured in position by any suitable means such as screws It. The housing and cover plate are provided with confronting circular recesses I4 and IE to accommodate the ends of a circular rotor IB..

I A shaft I1 is rotatably mounted in bushings or anti-friction bearings l8 and I9 arranged respectively in the housing and cover plate, and the shaft is preferably provided with splines 20 which are interlocked with grooves 2| in the hub of the rotor, the grooves being of greater depth radially than the splines in order to permit a fluid to enter a circular chamber 22 within the rotor from a passage 23 in the housing.

The rotor travels in a substantially circular chamber 24 in a ring 25 that is shiitable up and down in the chamber I l, the ring being provided at opposite sides thereof with straight surfaces so that it may slide up and down on tracks 26.

The circular chamber 24, as best shown in Figs. 2 and 4, communicates at all times with fluid conducting passageways 21 and 28, each passageway extending through one side of the housing and opening into the rear of the chamber l I in which the shiftable ring 25 is located. Such ring may be shifted by any suitable means, as will be hereinafter explained in connection with Figs. 5 and 6.

The rotor, as best shown in Fig. 2, is provided with a series of radial slots 29 extending from its internal chamber 22 to its periphery, and each slot functions as a guideway for a pair of inwardly and outwardly movable vanes, the vanes of each pair being numbered respectively, 30 and 3|. While these vanes may be identical in construction, the outer end of each is provided with an inclined or pointed edge, one of these edges being at one side or the pair, and the other at the opposite side, so that the edges will function as a sealj'regardless of the direction of rotation of the rotor. substantially circular track 33 formed at the interior of the shiftable ring. Owing to the substantially circular shape of the track 33, there will be no movement of the vanes toward the axis of the rotor while the vanes are between the parts 21 and 28 when the ring 25 is at an intermediate position between the neutral and its maximum position either upwardly or downwardly. The inner ends of the vanes are preferably rounded and are engaged by a positioning ring 34 which may be of resilient material. Such ring functions to maintain contact between the vanes and the track 33, and will hold the vanes in such position, even though there is no fluid within the structure.

As shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the passageway 23 is in communication with a conduit 35 which extends transversely of the housing and has its ends in communication with vertical passageways 36 and 31 which communicate respectively with the fluid passageways 21 and 28. Spring pressed ball check valves 38 and 39 control respectively the passage of fluid from either of the passageways 36, 31, while preventing it from going through both of said passageways. In explanation it will be observed that fluid can fiow to the interior of the rotor from 21 through 36, 35 and 23, while being prevented from entering the passageway 31 by the check valve 39. On the other hand, if the fluid flows from 28 through 31, 35 and 23 to theinterior of the rotor, the check valve 38 will prevent it from passing through 36. As will be hereinafter explained. this allows a pressure fluid to enter the hub of the rotor and to force the vanes radially outward, regardless of the direction of rotation of the rotor, and regardless of whether the passageway 21 or 28 is conducting the pressure fluid.

The passageways 21 and 28 also communicate respectively with drainage passageways 48, 4| which in turn communicate with a lower transverse passageway 42. Check valves 43 and 44 control respectively the passage of drainage fluid from 42 to either 48 r 4!. Passageway 42 communicates by means of a duct 45 with the interior of the chamber II. and by mean of a passageway 45, with one end of the bushing l8. In this way. any lubricant used in lubricating the parts, and which may seep along the shaft in one direction, may be discharged from the machine. Another duct 41 will serve to discharge lubricant from the bushing l 8 to the chamber i I, from which it may be drained through 42 to either one of the passageways 48 or 4|.

From Fig. 3 it will be noted that a circular groove 48 communicates with the chamber H, so that any fluid or lubricant which ma leak into the chamber ll, past the rin 25, will be readily drained and will not interfere with the shifting of such ring vertically.

Assuming the device is used as a pump, 21 may be the intake, and 28 the discharge passageway. Assuming the shiftable ring 25 in Fig. 2 is in the position shown in that figure, and the rotor is travelling in a clock-wise direction, it will be obvious that the vanes 30, 3| will cause fluid to be drawn into 21 and thence into the chamber 24 of the shiftable ring, andas the rotor travels, such fluid will be forced from such chamber through the discharge passageway 28. At such time, the

Such edges constantly engage av-shaped edge of the vane 3| of each pair, will form a tight seal with the track 33.

If the device is used as a motor, of course, the driving fluid will enter through 21, and may be exhausted through 28.

Whether the device is used as a pump or a motor, it will be obvious that its capacity may be varied by simply shifting the ring 25 vertically, and when it has been moved to a neutral position, in which the track 33 is concentric with the periphery of the rotor, the latter will turn without doing any work whatsoever. When the ring is in neutral position, if the device is used as a pump, it will cease pumping, and if used as a motor, will simply be idle.

If the ring 25 is shifted upwardly beyond neutral position, then the device reverses itself, while 7 the rotor continues to rotate in the same clockwise direction. Assuming the ring 25 is in its uppermost position, and the device is used as a pump, it is evident that the fluid will be drawn in through 28 and be discharged at 21, or if used as a motor, 28 will be the intake and 21 the exhaust.

In order'that the pressure fluid will pass to the interior of the rotor for the purpose of forcing the vanes outwardly regardless of whether the ring is up or down, I have provided the passageways 23, 35, 36 and 31. If the device is used as a pump, and 28 is the outlet, the pressure in this passageway, 3135-23 will be greater than in the passageway 21. Consequently, the pressure fluid will travel to the interior of the rotor through 31, 35 and 23. On the other hand, if the ring 25 is shifted so that 21 becomes the outlet, and 28 the intake, then the pressure fluid will travel to the interior of the rotor through 36, 35 and 23. Of course, similar action will take place when the device is used as a motor.

By means of the passageways 48, 41 and 42, and the check valves 43 and 44, drainage also takes place regardless of whether 21 or 28 is the intake or outlet. In this connection, it is apparent that one of the check valves 43, 44 will always shut off communication with the high pressure side, while permitting drainage to the low pressure side.

When the device is in operation, pressure within the ring 25 may tend to force the ring radially toward one side or the other, depending on the position of the ring, and this might interfere with the shifting of the ring vertically. Therefore, in order to facilitate movement of the ,ring, I may employ rocking plates 58 as illustrated in Fig. 5. Each of these plates is preferably provided with rounded ends which fit respectively in rounded cavities 5| and 52 arranged respectively in the housing Illa, and the ring 25a. I preferably employ a pair of these plates at each side of the ring.

The ring may be controllably shifted by any suitable means, for example, by a rod 53 which extends in a sealed manner, as at 54, in the housing and is secured at its inner end 55 to the ring.

In the modification shown in Fig. 6, the ring 25b contacts at its opposite sides with, and is guided by anti-friction rollers 56 which tend to keep the ring centered and facilitate its move; ments.

In any form of the invention, the ring may be held in one position by means of an adjustable spring 51 arranged at one side thereof, and may be moved to other positions by means of a cam 58 which engages the diametrically opposite side thereof. Such cam may be fixedly secured to a shaft 59 that is rotatably mounted in the housing.

Referring to Figs. 8 and 9, it may be seen that the vanes 30a and 3la of each pair may be identical, but arranged in reversed positions to make up a pair. a deep step 60, and a notch iii, the latter accommodating the positioning rings 34a and 34b. The ring 34a will cooperate with all of the vanes Sic, while the ring 34b will coact with all of the vanes 30a. By this means, the V-shaped edges of the vanes will coact in a sealing manner with the track 33 regardless of the direction of rotation of the rotor, and regardless of the position of the ring 25, 25a, 25b. i

Two structures of the character above described maybe hydraulically connected to achieve desirable results. In such a hook-up'fluid forced by one rotor could be used to drive the other rotor, and either or both structures can be variable and/or reversible to obtain maximum speed and torque variations in a speed control device,

From the foregoing it is believed that the construction, operation and advantages of the invention may be readily understood, and. I am aware that changes may be made in the details disclosed, without departing from the spirit of the invention, as expressed in the claims.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A reversible pump or motor comprising a housing havingan internal chamber and a pair of confronting recesses arranged at opposite ends of the chamber and communicating therewith,

a rotatable shaft extending into said chamber, a cylindrical rotor secured to said shaft, extending through the chamber and having its ends journaled in said recesses, diametrically opposite substantially semi-circular arcuate ports in the housing, concentric with the rotor and opening into the chamber at the periphery of the rotor, a rigid ring movably mounted in'the chamber and surrounding said rotor, said ring having a substantially circular internal track which when the ring is in neutral position, is substantially concentric with the periphery of the rotor, said ring being shiftable in the chamber lengthwise of the ports so as to place said track eccentrically relative to the rotor whereby a crescent shaped Each vane may have at its inner end arcuate ports in the housing, concentric with the rotor and opening into the chamber at the periphery of the rotor, a rigid ring movably mounted in the chamber and surrounding said rotor, said ring having a substantially circular internal track which when the ring is in neutral position, is substantially concentric with the periphery of the rotor, said ring being shiftable in the cham-. ber lengthwise of the ports solas to place said track eccentrically relative to the rotor whereby a crescent shaped chamber may be provided between the rotor and ring at either one of two diametrically opposite sides of the rotor, said rotor being provided with substantially radial slots of the same width as the chamber of the housing and communicating with the central chamber of the rotor, vanes slidably mounted in said slots and extending across the chamber, fluid conducting passageways in the housing communicating with said ports, other passageways placing said fluid conducting passageways in communication with the central chamber of the rotor for chamber may be provided between the rotor and I ring at either one of two diametrically opposite sides of the rotor, said rotor being provided with substantially radial slots of the same width as the chamber, vanes slidably mounted in said slots and extending across said chamber, yielding means for maintaining the outer ends oi the vanes in contact with said track, said rotor having a hub chamber between its ends, into which th inner ends of the vanes extend, and a valved controlled passageway arranged within the housing and placing said hub chamber in communica tion with said ports whereby a pressure fluid may be introduced into the hub chamber from either of said ports while cut oil from the other, for forcing the outer ends of said vanes into contact with said track.

2. A reversible pump or motor comprising a housing having an internal chamber and a pair of confronting recesses arranged at opposite ends of the chamber and communicating therewith, a rotatable shaft extending into said chamber, a cylindrical rotor secured to said shaft and having a central chamber, extending through the chamber and having its ends journaled in said recesses, diametrically opposite substantially semi-circular cut it off from the other when the pressure of the fluid in either one of the conducting passageways is higher than in the other, all of the passageways being entirely within the housing, and resilient means arranged in the rotor and contacting the inner ends of all of the vanes for constantly maintaining the outer ends of the rotor in contact w th said track.

3. In a structure of the character described, a housing having an internal chamber, a rotatable shaft extending into said chamber and provided with splines, a substantially cylindrical rotor secured to said shaft and having grooves into which the splines extend, said rotor having closed ends with an internal chamber between them, at lea 't some of said grooves being of greater depth than the splines which occupy them to provide a passageway through which a pressure fluid may be introduced into the internal chamber of the rotor, a circular track surrounding the rotor, said rotor being provided with radial slots, vanes slidably mounted in said slots and having their inner ends subject to pressure within said internal chamber and their outer ends in contact with said track, and fluid conducting passageways opening into said chamber at one end portion of said rotor and at diametrically opposite sides of said track.

4. In a structure of the character described, a housing having an internal chamber, a rotatable shaft extending into said chamber, an approximately circular rotor secured to said shalt, a shittable ring arranged in said chamber and surrounding the rotor, said ring having a substantially circular track which when the ring is in a neutral position, i substantially concentric with the periphery of said rotor, fluid conducting passageways opening into said chamber at one end portion of said rotor and at diametrically opposite sides of said ring, said rotor being provided with radial slots, vanes slidably mounted in said slots, and means in said internal chamber to facilitate movement of the shittable ring to prevent the same from binding when it is moved, the last mentioned means comprisin oppositely disposed cavities in the housing and ring, and thrust plates each having one of its ends movably mounted in a cavity of the housing and its other end movably mounted in a cavity of the ring.

radial slots, a pairof vanes slidably mounted in each of said slots, th vanes of each pair being substantially identical and each provided at its inner end with a deep step and a notch of less depth than the step, the step of each vane of a pair confronting the notch of the other vane of that pair, and circular resilient means arranged in the rotor and extending into said notches for maintaining the outer ends of the vanes-in contact with said track.

- FRANK A. TALBOT.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

Number Number UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Black July 10, 1906 Rayburn Jan. 16, 1934 Centervall Dec. 27, 1938 Holz July 16, 1940 Kendrick Sept. 16, 1941 Harman et a1 Nov. 13, 1934 Ells Feb. 14, 1939 Landenberger Feb. 28, 1939 Adams June 9, 1925 Hittell Dec. 1, 1936 Moore Nov. 8, 1938 Parsons et al. Aug. 22, 1911 Millard et al. June 24, 1919 Slessor et a1 Mar. 29, 1932 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Great Britain Sept. 29, 1932 France Oct. 20, 1931 Great Britain Jan. 22, 1925 France Feb. 16, 1918 Switzerland June 1, 1923 France July 22, 1935 

